In Ezra 4: 7 etc. the reference is probably to Artaxerxes I, king of Persia 465–424 BCE, whose appointment of Nehemiah as governor in Jerusalem was probably to assist his ambitions against Egypt.
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"Artaxerxes." In A Dictionary of the Bible. Ed. W. R. F. Browning. Oxford Biblical Studies Online. Jun 18, 2013. <http://www.oxfordbiblicalcstudies.com/article/opr/t94/e162>.
"Artaxerxes." In A Dictionary of the Bible. , edited by W. R. F. Browning. Oxford Biblical Studies Online, http://www.oxfordbiblicalcstudies.com/article/opr/t94/e162 (accessed Jun 18, 2013).